The Impact of Breastfeeding on the Pelvic Floor

Breastfeeding is a natural and beneficial process that provides numerous health benefits for both the mother and the baby. While much attention is given to the nutritional and bonding aspects of breastfeeding, its impact on the pelvic floor is often overlooked. In this article, we will explore the relationship between breastfeeding and the pelvic floor, focusing on the hormonal changes that occur during lactation and their effects on pelvic floor health.

I. Hormonal Changes During Breastfeeding:

Breastfeeding triggers a cascade of hormonal changes in a lactating woman's body. These hormonal shifts play a crucial role in milk production, but they also have significant implications for the pelvic floor. The key hormones involved in breastfeeding and their effects are as follows:

1. Prolactin: Prolactin is the primary hormone responsible for milk production. It stimulates the mammary glands to produce and secrete milk. Increased prolactin levels during breastfeeding can lead to a decrease in estrogen production, which has several effects on the pelvic floor.
2. Estrogen: Estrogen levels tend to be lower during breastfeeding due to the inhibitory effect of prolactin. Estrogen is essential for maintaining the health and elasticity of the pelvic floor tissues. Reduced estrogen levels may lead to changes in tissue integrity and lubrication, potentially impacting the pelvic floor muscles.
3. Oxytocin: Oxytocin, often referred to as the "love hormone," is released during breastfeeding and plays a role in milk letdown and bonding between the mother and baby. Oxytocin also has an impact on the pelvic floor by promoting uterine contractions, which can aid in postpartum recovery and uterine involution.

II. Effects of Hormonal Changes on the Pelvic Floor:

The hormonal changes that occur during breastfeeding can have various effects on the pelvic floor, including:

1. Pelvic Floor Muscle Tone: Reduced estrogen levels during lactation can contribute to decreased muscle tone in the pelvic floor. This may result in weakened support for the pelvic organs, potentially leading to symptoms such as pelvic organ prolapse or urinary incontinence.
2. Vaginal Dryness: Lower estrogen levels can cause vaginal dryness, which may lead to discomfort or pain during intercourse. This can have an impact on the pelvic floor muscles and their ability to relax and contract effectively.
3. Uterine Involution: Oxytocin, released during breastfeeding, promotes uterine contractions and helps the uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size. These contractions can indirectly affect the pelvic floor by assisting in postpartum recovery and reducing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.

III. Pelvic Floor Exercises and Support during Breastfeeding:

While hormonal changes during breastfeeding can potentially impact the pelvic floor, there are strategies that women can employ to support their pelvic floor health:

1. Pelvic Floor Exercises: Engaging in regular pelvic floor exercises, such as Kegels, can help strengthen and tone the pelvic floor muscles. These exercises can be performed during and after breastfeeding to promote pelvic floor health and address any muscle weakness or laxity.
2. Proper Posture and Lifting Techniques: Maintaining good posture and using proper lifting techniques can help reduce the strain on the pelvic floor muscles, especially when carrying or breastfeeding the baby.
3. Supportive Undergarments: Wearing supportive undergarments, such as well-fitted bras and comfortable underwear, can provide additional support to the breasts and pelvic floor muscles.
4. Seek Professional Help: If experiencing any pelvic floor symptoms or concerns, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional, such as a pelvic floor physiotherapist or obstetrician, who can provide guidance, support, and tailored interventions based on individual needs.

1. Hormonal Considerations: For women who experience persistent pelvic floor issues during breastfeeding, it may be beneficial to discuss hormonal options with their healthcare provider. Hormone replacement therapy or other hormonal interventions may help address symptoms related to estrogen deficiency and support pelvic floor health.

Conclusion:

Breastfeeding is a remarkable and natural process that provides numerous benefits for both mother and baby. However, it is important to recognize the potential impact of breastfeeding on the pelvic floor due to the hormonal changes that occur during lactation. The decrease in estrogen levels and the influence of prolactin and oxytocin can have effects on pelvic floor muscle tone, vaginal dryness, and overall pelvic floor health.

Awareness of these hormonal changes and their implications can empower women to take proactive steps to support their pelvic floor health during breastfeeding. Engaging in regular pelvic floor exercises, maintaining good posture, and seeking professional guidance can help minimize the potential risks and address any pelvic floor symptoms or concerns. Contact us for more information or to book your initial consultation.